Charles erwin



(No'Model.)

C. E.. GANDEB.

LOCK.

Patented July 12, 1892.

aww/mbo@ m 6W m m M m ma o -L m W N n UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES ERWIN OANDEE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 478,782, dated J' uly12, 1892.

Application iiled February 4, 1891. Serial No. 380,142.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES ERWIN CAN- DEE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Door-Locks, (for foreignLetters Patent whatever,) of which the following is a specification.r

My invention relates to a reversible doorlock, in which the catch-boltis also a lockbolt, and in Which anti-friction lieve the bolt in itsoperative movements in catching and in uncatching and also in locking.

The objects of my improvement are, rst, to provide an anti-frictionalbolt that is either a catch-bolt or a spring lock-bolt atV will, thebolt to be operated only by the door-knob, spindle, and spindle-arm,whether acting as a catch-bolt or as a lock-bolt; second, to provide forsuch a catch and lock bolt a locking device to be operated by a key fromone side of the lock or by a lifting-cam from the other side at will;third, to provide means for permanently lockingsuch a lock-bolt, and,fourth, to provide a bolt for a lock which is both a catch and a springlock-bolt, provided with an anti-friction roller on its front end forcontact with the jamb-escutcheon in closing and in opening the door, andso related to the bolt that when in place in the es'cutcheon-socket asolid part of the bolt at one or both sides of the roller will engagethe escutcheon. tain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in theaccompanying' drawings, in which- Figure l represents a front end Viewof the lock; Fig. 2, a side view with the cap or cover removed; and Fig.3 a sectional view on lines 3 3, Fig. 2, of the lock; Fig. 4, a detailview, in part sectional, of a part of the locking device with thelifting-cam. Fig. 5 is a detail view of a part of the cap or cover ofthe lock, which is removed, as the same is shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is apart sectional View of the lock in position both in the doorand inrelation to the door-jamb, and also the door-knob,

key, and inside finger-piece, cut, as to the lock, on the lines 6 6,Fig. 2; and Fig. 7 is a showing the relaroller to the front lines 7 7,Fig. 2.

horizontal sectional view tions of the anti-friction end of the bolt,cut on the which I have obtained nov The bolt B is provided at itsrecessed front end with the roller R and is at all times pushed into itsforemost position by the spring S, except when the spring is overcomeeither by the spindle-arm A, by the jamb-escutcheon in opening or inclosing the door, or by some other application of force upon the rollerR; or the front end of the bolt itself has on one side a notch H for theengagement of the spindle-arm A, on the other side a shoulder O for theengagement of the locking-lever L, and is held in position in thelock-frame F in the manner shown or by guidesain any usual way. Thelocking'lever L is pivoted at one end P and is provided with a springS', so located as to force the locking-lever toward or upon the bolt Bcontinuously, with a shoulder or stop N to engage the shoulder O, with akey seat or bearing C,With a lifting, locking, and freeing cam seat D,and with a double-acting detaining-spring S2.

The lifting, locking, and freeing cam E is provided with an extension orsteln, which passes through the frame F and has secured thereon a thumbor ating the same.

G is a stop for the spindle-arm A. The function of the spindle-arm A isto retreat the -bolt B, and also to furnish a stop to limit the forwardmotion of the' bolt B, being itself held bythe stop G. It can retreatthe bolt B only when the bolt is not locked, and when either in closingor opening it is retreated far enough for the escutcheon to bear on theroller R outside of its horizontal diameter a pull or push on the knob0r door will alone retreat the bolt Without any action of thespindle-arm. ln retreating the bolt B the spring S is counteracted; butwhen not overcome in some way the bolt B is thrust forward under thecontrol of the spring S and into its extreme or locking position.

The lifting, locking, and freeing cam E has, practically, threefunctions to perform: first, to lift the locking-lever out of functionand action by overcoming the action of thespring S', as shown, with thecam in full lines, in Fig. 2; second, to lock the locking-lever and thebolt B in the locking position, in which case the cam E is held in placeby the spring S2, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and in solid linesin Fig. 4, and, third, to free the lockingfinger pieceT for oper- IOOlever L, so as to leave the same in the control of the key K, as shownin dotted lines in Fig. 4, in which position it is held by the curvedportion of the spring S2, upon which it rests, as to one side, or by theupper side of its seat as to the other side, which resists the upwardmovement of the cam by its own gravity, aided by the gravity of the camitself, and also by the pressure exerted upon the cam by the spring S.

The key seat or bearing C has on its under side the lip M, which engageswith the opposite side of the key to that which lifts the locking-leverL, and thus aids in controlling the movement of the key, when inposition, back and forth with the locking-lever, so that 1t is always inposition to act upon the same. lVhen the cam E is in the third position,which is, strictly speaking, an intermediate position between its othertwo positions, the locking-lever must engage and lock the bolt Bl whenit is advanced and can only unlock the same either through the liftingaction of the cam E or of the key K, and, whichever device does lift thelocking-lever L, the bolt B is left entirely in the control of thespindle-arm A and knob J.

W is the jamb-escutcheon on which the roller R strikes and rolls inopening and closing the door, except when the knob is turned so as toretreat it fully.

The relations of the roller R, the forward end I of the bolt B, and thejamb-escutcheon WV remain to be described. As shown in end view, Fig. l,in side view, Fig. 2, in top view, Fig. 6, and in horizontal sectionalview, Fig. 7, the roller R is secured in the recessed front end of thebolt B by the pin Y, wh ich, passing through the center of the roller,is held at each end by the ears Q Q, formed by recessing the front endof the bolt B in the form shown in Figs. l, 2, 6, and 7, the finalrelation of the bolt and the roller being such that the diameter of theroller is practically the same as the corresponding diameter of thebolt. The two sides of the bolt B, however, cover a part of the adjacentsides of the roller R, but do not extend beyond nor, preferably, quiteto a line drawn through the center of the pin Y yat right angles to thebolt, while the ears Q extend beyond it. The result of this constructionis that, while the roller only and not the bolt itself can strike thebevel of the jambescutcheon when the door is being closed and the boltis thrust into the recess of the jambescutcheon bythe spring S, a solidpart of the bolt on either side of the roller is opposed to and heldbythecorrespondingside of thejambescutcheon, as shown in Fig. G, andthereby the roller R is relieved of the strain of holding the door bothwhen the bolt is used as a cato bolt and also when it is used as alock-bolt. If only the roller R were thus opposed to the escutcheon,comparatively slight pressure upon the door on one side would retreatthe bolt and open the door; but because of the construction shown thebolt must be retreated far enough to bring the roller in contact withvthe escutcheon before any such effect will be produced. In effect,then, when the door is closed it is held by a solid and continuous partof the bolt, while in closing the lock has the advantage of roller andanti-frictional action upon the jamb-escutcheon instead ot sliding andfrictional action, as in the ordinary bolt,. and also in part inopening. It is evident that a lock with such a bolt can be used on adoor swin gin g in either direction at will when the jamb andjamb-escutcheon are completed, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 6, and yetwhen in position the door will be held in place by the bearing of thesolid bolt against the sides or side of the recess in the escutcheon.The outline or prole of the outer end of the bolt B, or rather of theedges of the ears Q, may be varied from that shown in the drawingswithout avoiding rnyinvention; but these ears mustextend farenough tohold and give support to the pinY and roller R, yet not far enough tointerfere with the action of the roller in and upon the jamb-escutcheon.Since the sides of the bolt do not extend beyond or, preferably, to oropposite the center of the pin Y, resistance made by the sides of theescutcheon-recess upon the roller within the line of the roller centertoward the bolt or opposite the center will not cause the bolt toretreat, and in order to retreat theboltby pressing the roller againstthe escutcheon the pressure must be brought to bear at a point on a linebeyond the center of the pin Y. vWhen pressure is so exerted, the boltwill be retreated as the roller rotates upon the escutcheon. 1

I do not desire to limit my invention to the case where the sides of thebolt extend exactly to the point and cover the sides of the roller R tothe exact extent shown, since the relations of the parts may be variedslightly without avoiding the principle of the invention and the workingof the lock in substantially the same manner.

To describe this part of my invention'niore concisely, the two rearwardquadrants of the roller-those presented toward the bolt-are more or lesscovered and protected by the extension Z of the bolt B and may beentirely so covered and protected, while the two opposite quadrants ofthe roller-those presented toward the escutcheon at any time-are more orless uncovered and may be entirely uncovered. The concave recessing ofthe bolt in the manner described gives the roller support and capacityfor resistance in any violent shock that may be given to it in slammingthe door, since it is so located as to barely clear the bolt in thatpart of the recess which conforms to the roller, substantially as shownin Fig. 7. The full lines in Fig. 6 show a door opening only in onedirection. The dotted lines onv the under side of the figure show thebevel of an escutcheon and the other relations where the door 1s made toswing in either direction, the bevel for the contact of IIO the roller Rbeing shown on the opposite side in solid lines.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the bolt Bis alwayspressed toward or into its most forward position by the spring, as isthe common bevel-pointed catch-bolt and ordinary spring lock-bolt, andthat, as in both these cases, the bolt is only retreated by or throughdevices operated by the hand belonging to the lock proper, as by aspindlearm or slide-biitton. As thus operated it is evident that, as inthe other two cases mentioned, when a moderate amount of pressure isbrought to bear upon the forward end of the bolt (as, for instance, bythe introduction of a wedge or bythe direct pressure of the hand backtoward or upon the spring) the bolt maybe retreated to its rearwardposition, and when retreated in either of these ways in alocked door thedoor may be opened at once, the locking-lever L being, however, sorelated to the bolt B that when free it will autoinatically engage andpositively lock the bolt B. Being so engaged it cannot be retreated inany of the ways above described, and is therefore positively lockedunless or until the locking-lever is disengaged from it. To prevent suchdisengagement or to make the engagement positive, the cam E is soconstructed and related to the locking-lever L that when placed in thelocking position it will positively lock the locking-lever in its turn,in which case the locking-lever can only be released so as to retreatthe bolt B by turning the cam E out of its locking position, therebyreleasing the locking-lever L and permitting it to be disengaged fromthe bolt by the action of the key or by the cam E itself. The cam E isso constructed and related to the lever LA as to perform the function oflifting the lockinglever out of its function as such and of holding thelever L in that position, in which case the bolt B acts like an ordinarycatchbolt under the control of the spindle. It is when the cam E is inits free intermediate position, its outer edge resting on the spring S2,that the lever L performs its locking function in relation to the bolt Bautomatically, and it is when the locking-lever is lifted either by thecam E or by the key K that it is prevented from so operating. It maybenoticed that in each one of its three acting positions or in its twoacting and its intermediate free position the cam E is held by thespring S2.

Is is evidentfrom the foregoing description that the relations of thebolt, the lever L, the

cam E, key K, spring S, and spindle-arm A would be the same if the boltwere provided with the ordinary beveled end. instead of theanti-friction roller R. Such being the case, I do not desire to limit myinvention absolutely to a bolt that is provided with the roller R as anelement of the combination.

The cam E and spring S2 co-operate more or'less actively in each ofthethree positions and functions of the cam E, and the cam when in theiirst and in the third positions is carried just past the center inorder to insure its remaining in position. p

I claim as my inventionl. A spring catch-bolt, in combination with anautomatic locking-lever engaging therewith in the manner shown anddescribed and with an independently positive lifting, independentlypositivelocking,andfreeing cam E.

2. In locks, a positive-locking Aspring-bolt provided on its outer endwith a concave recess, in combination with a roller secured in the frontend of the bolt and seated in the concave recess, substantially as shownand described, the most forward part of the bolt which forms the recessadjacent to the curved sides of the roller making contact with thejamb-escutcheon, so as to hold the door when in its closed position, andthereby relieve the roller of that function, substantially as set forth.4

3. In locks, the locking-lever L, pivoted at one end, provided with thesprings S S2, the cain-seat D, and the stop or shoulder N, incombination with the lifting, locking, and freeing cam E. p

4. In locks and in combination, the lockinglever L, pivoted at one end,provided With springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, 9

and the key-seat C, the cam E, the key K, the bolt B, provided with theshoulder O and notch I-I, the spring S, and the spindle-arm A.

5. In locks and in coinbination,the lockinglever L, pivoted at one end,provided with springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, key-seat C,the cam E, the keyK, and the bolt B, provided with the shoulder O. I

6. In locks and in combination, the lockinglever L, pivoted at one end,provided with springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, key-seat C,the cam E, and the key K.

7. In locks and in combination, the lockinglever L, pivoted at one end,provided with springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, the key-seatC, and the cam E.

8. In locks and in combination, theflocking-v lever L, pivoted at oneend, provided with springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulderN, v andkey-seat C.

9. In locks and in combination, the bolt B,

IOLl

provided with the notch H and the shoulder O, the spring S, thespindle-arm A, the locking-lever L, pivoted at one end, provided with,Vsprings S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, and key-seat C, the cam E,and the stop G. y

10. In locks, the locking-lever L, lifting, Y

locking, and freeing cam E, cam-seat D, and spring S2, in combination.

Witnesses WM. FORTNAM,

CHARLES. ERwiN cANnEE EDWARD S. BERRALL. i

